Deep Phenotyping of Peripheral Blood Cells and Circulating Factors in Metabolic Diseases
The goal of this cross-sectional observational study is to to perform a thorough characterization of the quantitative and qualitative differences in peripheral blood cells, and circulating factors (proteins, metabolites, lipids, extracellular vesicles) in different stages of several metabolic diseases (diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) that share common pathophysiological mechanisms and in comparison with adult healthy controls. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * Which are the quantitative (number and concentration) and qualtitative (characteristics, functional assays) differences in platelets in patients with metabolic diseases vs subjects without metabolic diseases * Which are the quantitative (number and concentration) and qualtitative (characteristics, functional assays) differences in leucocytes or circulating molecules in patients with metabolic diseases vs subjects without metabolic diseases
∙ 1\. Age \> 18 years old
∙ Additional inclusion criteria for case groups:
• High risk group for significant liver fibrosis
• 1\. FIB-4 score ≥ 1.3 AND 2. Fibroscan measurement ≥ 8kPa
• Steatotic Liver Disease group
• 1\. Diagnosis of steatosis in ultrasound AND CAP \> 275 dB/m
• Prediabetes
‣ HbA1c \>5.7 AND \<6.5% OR/AND
⁃ Fasting Glucose 100-125 mg/dl OR/AND
⁃ Glucose at 120 min of OGTT between 140-200 mg/dl
• Diabetes 1. HbA1c ≥ 6.5% OR/AND 2. Fasting Glucose \> 126 mg/dl OR/AND 3. Glucose at 120 min of OGTT \> 200 mg/dl
• If a subject does not fulfil the additional criteria for participating in a case group, then he/she will be included in the respective control group which will be:
• A#) Low risk for significant liver fibrosis 1. Fibroscan measurements \< 8kPa B#) No steatosis group
• 1\. No steatosis in liver ultrasound AND CAP ≤ 275 dB/m C#) Normal glucose tolerance test group
⁃ HbA1c \< 5.7% AND
⁃ Fasting glucose \< 100 mg/dl AND
⁃ Glucose at 120 min of OGTT \<140 mg/dl